Calgary International Airport, originally named McCall Field (IATA: YYC, ICAO: CYYC), is the international airport that serves Calgary, Alberta, Canada and the surrounding region; it is situated approximately 17 km (11 mi) northeast of downtown Calgary. The airport offers scheduled non-stop flights to major cities in Canada, the United States, Mexico, the Caribbean, Europe and East Asia.
Calgary International Airport serves as headquarters for WestJet and as a hub airport for Air Canada and Air Canada Express. The airport is one of eight Canadian airports with US Border Preclearance facilities. The airport is operated by The Calgary Airport Authority as part of Transport Canada's National Airports System. It is Canada's third busiest airport by passenger traffic and aircraft movements, handling 15,261,108 passengers in 2014 and 244,913 movements in 2013. In October 2008, The Calgary Airport Authority was named one of Alberta's Top Employers by Mediacorp Canada Inc. YYC has both the longest runway and the tallest free-standing control tower (and second tallest overall) in Canada.
History
The airport opened in 1938 as McCall Field, named in honour of World War I ace and Calgary native Fred McCall. It is actually Calgary's third airport. The original facility was a grass airstrip in the then-town of Bowness, which opened in 1914. In 1928, it was replaced with Calgary Municipal Airport, in the Renfrew area.
In 1940, McCall Field was taken over by the Department of Transport, and not returned to the city until 1949. A new terminal opened in 1956, but quickly became obsolete with the dawn of the jet age. The city did not have nearly enough funding for the necessary upgrades, and sold it to Transport Canada in 1966, who renamed it Calgary International Airport.
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Terminal
The terminal has three concourses, one of which is subdivided into two wings, one wing to accommodate international flights and another wing to accommodate international flights to the United States utilizing the airport's US border pre-clearance facilities. Plans for a fifth concourse are also being developed.
The structure was designed by Stevenson, Raines, Barret, Hutton, Seton and Partners and completed in 1977.
Concourse A
Gates 1 to 24 are located on this concourse. Gates 21 to 24 can also be used for US-bound flights and are shared with Concourse B. Gates 1 to 4 comprise regional operations for WestJet Encore. Gates 12, 14, 16 and 18 can be utilized for international arrivals and departures. There are five security lanes dedicated to Concourse A flights. The A concourse contains the Servisair Calgary Chinook lounge (co-branded as the WestJet Lounge).
Concourse B
Gates 21 to 40 are swing gates. Gates 21 to 24 will swing between Concourse A and B. On flights originating in Calgary passengers bound for the United States go through US Customs & Border Protection pre-clearance prior to boarding their flights. The flight is then treated on arrival in the U.S. as a domestic flight. Concourse B has six dedicated security lanes after US pre-clearance facilities and is only used for US bound flights. The B concourse contains the Servisair Calgary Rocky Mountain lounge (co-branded as the WestJet Lounge). There is no Star Alliance lounge accessible from Concourse B.
Gates 31-40 are swing gates between Concourse B and C. Any US bound flight is treated as a "B" Gate, whereas any Canadian-bound/International-bound flight is treated as an "C" Gate. Concourses C and B are connected behind security by a walkway, facilitating connections for Air Canada and Air Canada Express flights. When all Gates in the B/C section are "B" gates, then this walkway is closed due to US Customs & Border Protection pre-clearance for US-bound flights. Air Canada and Air Canada Express flights use the C concourse for domestic arrivals and departures; Air Canada also uses it for international arrivals and departures. During domestic and international operations all passenger utilize Concourse C security lanes. Gate 38 is ground-boarded.
Concourse C
Comprising gates 50-65, Concourse C is used mostly for domestic outbound flights, although US-bound flights (without US Pre-Clearance) and other international flights sometimes depart from the C-gates. However, as this concourse is not connected to the Canada Border Services Agency (CBSA) hall, only domestic flights arrive into concourse C. Gates C51, 53, 61-65 are ground boarding and utilized for most Air Canada Express flights (excluding flights operating on the Bombardier CRJ200 and CRJ 705) and all Central Mountain Air flights. Passengers using gates 61-65 must take a shuttle bus from the main terminal to the aircraft, while Gates 51 and 53 use ramps to the jet bridge which passengers walk to get to and from the aircraft. Gates 50, 52, 54-59 are jet-bridged and are used for Air Canada and Air Canada Express flights. The Air Canada Maple Leaf Lounge is located immediately beyond security on Concourse C (note that no showers are available in the YYC lounge). Concourse C has five security lanes that handle all passengers departing from either the C or B Concourses.
New International Terminal
In 2010 the Calgary Airport Authority had began plans and construction on a new international terminal which is part of the IFP or International Facilities Project which will have more check in counters, two new concourses (one for international departures [D] and another for U.S. Transborder Preclared departures [E] that will add up to 22 new aircraft gates) and a new US and Canada Customs and Immigration hall. The new terminal will be almost double the size of the original terminal and have a newly installed baggage system with personal carts for each piece of baggage. The new terminal will also house two additional C gates, being designated as C70 and C72. These two C gates will coincide with D and E gates of the same number. A sterile walkway connecting all existing concourses to the new IFP is also under construction and will allow free movement between all concourses when opened so passengers don't have to re-check in their bags. The new corridor will be called the Connections Corridor and will have a new Compact Transit System with a cart that passengers can ride that will have stops at each concourse. Moving walkways will also be in this new corridor and it will contain gates as well. The new terminal which was scheduled for opening in Fall of 2015, was rescheduled for opening in Fall of 2016 to ensure business', shops and airline tenants can install and move into the terminal. Included is a new hotel.
Concourse Changes
The Calgary Airport Authority implemented concourse name and gate number changes on 18 September 2014 in preparation for the opening of the IFP. The current WestJet gates (Concourse A) used to be concourse D, the current transborder concourse used to be B/C, and the current Air Canada gates (Concourse C) used to be concourse A.
Airlines and destinations
Scheduled airlines and destinations
^1 All US Airways flights will be rebranded as American Airlines effective October 17, 2015.
^2 All US Airways Express flights will be rebranded as American Eagle flights effective October 17, 2015.
Cargo Airlines
Scheduled cargo airlines and destinations
Other operations
The following airlines operate out of their own private facilities:
- Alta Flights
- Kenn Borek Air
- Integra Air
- North Cariboo Air
- Sunwest Aviation
- Enerjet
- Canjet
- Chartright Air Group
Ground transportation
Construction of the new runway resulted in April 2011 in the permanent closure of Barlow Trail from just north of McKnight Boulevard to Airport Road, and McCall Way's connection to Airport Road was also severed, though unlike Barlow the roadway remains intact to service hangars and other businesses southeast of the terminal area. Road access to the airport terminal area is via 36th Street N.E. and a newly constructed road tunnel under the new runaway at Airport Trail, Deerfoot Trail via Airport Trail, or Metis Trail north to Country Hills Boulevard and west to Barlow and south into the airport. Airport Trail is to eventually connect with Stoney Trail to the east by way of an already-existing 96th Avenue connector once a missing piece of road is constructed, providing an additional access option.
At Bus Bay No. 7, across from Concurse A, Calgary Transit Route 100 connects the Arrivals level of the airport to the McKnight-Westwinds C-Train station and Route 430 to the North Pointe Terminal, where passengers can board the bus rapid transit Route 301 to downtown. Route 300 provides direct access to and from Downtown Calgary via Centre Street North. Passengers must buy a day pass which costs $9.50 for use of Route 300 departing the Airport. This can be purchased from the TVM at the bus stop or at the Mac's in Concourse A. This extra cost is due to Checker Cabs being fearful the express route might steal their business. Also, the Airporter bus links the airport to several downtown hotels. Brewster transportation and Banff Airporter offer scheduled service to the nearby mountain tourist destinations including Banff. Taxis to downtown Calgary cost about $40, taking into account the longer route that must now be travelled because of the closure of Barlow Trail and McCall Way.
Ground handling
There are only a few ground handling companies in Calgary but each provides different services to the airlines they serve.
Airport Terminal Services
Airport Terminal Services (ATS) provides cargo, passenger, and ramp services to select airlines in Calgary. Ramp services are provided to Horizon Air, Delta Air Lines, Compass Airlines, United Express (Skywest), Delta Connection (Skywest), American Airlines and United Airlines. Cargo handling services are provided to UPS and DB Schenker.
Air Canada
Air Canada and Air Canada Express operations at the Calgary International Airport.
Servisair
Servisair provides cargo, lounge, passenger and ramp services in Calgary. Passenger services are provided to Air Transat, Sunwing Airlines and US Airways. Ramp services are provided to Air North, British Airways, KLM, Sunwing Airlines, the RAF, as well as many ad hoc carriers. Cargo ground handling for Cargolux is also performed. Servisair also operates a business lounge for airlines using the B (USA) and A Concourses.
WestJet Turn Around Crew (TAC)
WestJet TAC is the sole provider of ground handling services for WestJet at Calgary International Airport.
WingTips Airport Services
WingTips Airport Services (WingTips) provides passenger services for Air North and KLM.
Cargo facilities
Apron II is the main cargo facility at the airport which can park up to four Boeing 747s. Apron VII is also used as a cargo facility, primarily for FedEx Express and Purolator Courier. FedEx is among the cargo carriers that use Calgary as a hub at Apron VII. Purolator has a facility in the northwest corner of the field adjacent to Apron VII. Apron VII used to hold just two Boeing 727s but has been able to park an additional three McDonnell Douglas MD-11s for FedEx since November 2004.
As of November 2007, expansion construction are in progress for Apron VII to allow seven parking pads, including three for Purolator and four for FedEx. UPS Airlines has begun construction of a new centre, including an apron directly southeast of FedEx's facility.
General aviation
General aviation facilities are located on the south side of the field. These facilities include a Shell Aerocenter, an Esso Avitat, a customs building, and more.
Other facilities
WestJet has its corporate headquarters on the airport property. The company headquarters of Canadian North and North Cariboo air are both at the 580 Palmer Road N.E. building, on the grounds of the airport.
Zip previously had its headquarters in Hangar 101. Canadian Regional Airlines had its headquarters at the airport.
Fire services
Firefighting at the airport is provided by the Calgary Fire Department from Station 13 at the airport. Calgary Fire has been contracted to the airport since 1958.
Runways
Current runways
- Runway 17L/35R is 14,000 ft × 200 ft (4,267 m × 61 m)
- Runway 17R/35L is 12,675 ft × 200 ft (3,863 m × 61 m)
- Runway 11/29 is 8,000 ft × 200 ft (2,438 m × 61 m)
- Runway 08/26 is 6,200 ft × 150 ft (1,890 m × 46 m)
Decommissioned runways
- Runway 02/20 was 4,350 ft × 150 ft (1,326 m × 46 m)
- Runway 11/29 was 4,635 ft × 150 ft (1,413 m × 46 m)
A new runway numbered 17L/35R became operational in 2014. It is 14,000 ft × 200 ft (4,267 m × 61 m), which according to the airport's website is the longest runway in Canada. The old record holder was Calgary's own 17R/35L. A tunnel running underneath the new runway connects Airport Trail with 36th St. NE. Barlow Trail closed on 3 April 2011. There are currently plans to connect Airport Trail with Metis Trail and Stoney Trail. In addition, an underpass was built under one of the new taxiways to allow McCall Way to access a previously existing business park now surrounded by taxiways and runways; it opened in 2013.
The long runway length can be attributed to the relatively high elevation, previously 3,557 ft (1,084 m) and now 3,606 ft (1,099 m), of the airport and the need to support the largest passenger aircraft types. Aircraft require more distance to take off at higher elevations, because of the reduced air density associated with altitude.
In addition to the current runways in operation the airport has had two runways decommissioned over the years. Runway 02/20 was closed and part of it is still open as taxiway V. Runway 11/29 was decommissioned and ran where Palmer Road is now situated. The remnants of the runways and associated taxi ways are in various states of decay but can still be seen at the airport. 07/25 (now 08/26) served as the main east west runway until 10/28 (now 11/29) was built. The taxiway to 25 was closed when 02/20 was decommissioned meaning aircraft had to backtrack the length of the runway.
Three runways were upgraded: Runway 16/34 (now 17R/35L) was extended from its original length of 6,410 to 12,675 ft (1,954 to 3,863 m) and both 07/25 (now 08/26) and 16/34 (now 17R/35L) were widened from 150 to 200 feet (46 to 61 m) to accommodate wider aircraft.
Accidents and incidents
On 7 May 1982, Douglas C-47A C-FQHF of Kenn Borek Air overran the runway following an aborted take-off. The aircraft was damaged beyond economic repair.
On 22 Mar 1984, Boeing 737-275 of Pacific Western Airlines with 119 people on board; suffered an uncontained engine failure on the No. 1 engine during takeoff. The debris penetrated and ignited fuel in the left wing. The aircraft was evacuated by slides and the fire consumed the aircraft.
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