Kyoto Station (???, Ky?to-eki) is a major railway station and transportation hub in Kyoto, Japan. It has Japan's second-largest station building (after Nagoya Station) and is one of the country's largest buildings, incorporating a shopping mall, hotel, movie theater, Isetan department store, and several local government facilities under one 15-story roof. It also housed the Kyoto City Air Terminal until August 31, 2002.
History
The governmental railway from Kobe reached Kyoto on September 5, 1876, but the station was under construction and a temporary facility called ?miya-d?ri (?miya Street) Temporary Station was used until the opening of the main station. The first Kyoto Station opened for service by decree of Emperor Meiji on February 5, 1877.
In 1889, the railway became a part of the trunk line to Tokyo (Tokaido Main Line). Subsequently the station became the terminal of two private railways, Nara Railway (1895, present-day Nara Line) and Kyoto Railway (1897, present-day Sagano Line), that connected the station with southern and northern regions of Kyoto Prefecture, respectively.
The station was replaced by a newer, Renaissance-inspired facility in 1914, which featured a broad square (the site of demolished first station) leading from the station to Shichij? Avenue. Before and during World War II, the square was often used by imperial motorcades when Emperor Showa traveled between Kyoto and Tokyo. The station was spacious and designed to handle a large number of people, but when a few thousand people gathered to bid farewell to naval recruits on January 8, 1934, 77 people were crushed to death. This station burned to the ground in 1950, and was replaced by a more utilitarian concrete facility in 1952.
The current Kyoto Station opened in 1997, commemorating Kyoto's 1,200th anniversary. It is 70 meters high and 470 meters from east to west, with a total floor area of 238,000 square meters. Architecturally, it exhibits many characteristics of futurism, with a slightly irregular cubic façade of plate glass over a steel frame. The architect was Hiroshi Hara.
Kyoto, one of the least modern cities in Japan by virtue of its many cultural heritage sites, was largely reluctant to accept such an ambitious structure in the mid-1990s: The station's completion began a wave of new high-rise developments in the city that culminated in the 20-story Kyocera Building.
Aside from the main building on the north side of the station, the Hachij?-guchi building on the south side was built to house Tokaido Shinkansen which started operation in 1964. The underground facilities of the station, including the shopping mall Porta beneath the station square, were constructed when the subway opened in 1981.
Hotels In Kyoto Near Train Station Video
Lines
Kyoto Station is served by the following railway lines:
- Central Japan Railway Company (JR Central)
- Tokaido Shinkansen
- West Japan Railway Company (JR West)
- Tokaido Main Line (Biwako Line and JR Kyoto Line)
- Sanin Main Line (Sagano Line)
- Nara Line
- Kintetsu
- Kyoto Line
- Kyoto Municipal Subway
- Karasuma Line
In addition to the lines above, the following lines, among others, have through services to Kyoto Station:
- JR West
- Kosei Line
- Kusatsu Line
JR West / JR Central
Layout
The station has a side platform and four island platforms serving eight tracks for the Tokaido Line (Biwako Line, JR Kyoto Line) and Kosei Line at ground level, three dead-end platforms serving four tracks for the Sanin Line (Sagano Line) to the west of platform 0 at ground level, and two dead-end platforms serving 3 tracks to the south of platform 7 at ground level. Two island platforms serving four tracks for the Shinkansen are elevated, above the platforms for the Kintetsu Kyoto Line.
Limited express trains
- limited express Thunderbird: Osaka - Kanazawa, Wakura Onsen
- limited express Shinano: Osaka - Nagano
- limited express Hida: Osaka - Takayama
- limited express Biwako Express: Osaka - Maibara
- limited express Super Hakuto: Kyoto - Tottori, Kurayoshi
- Kansai Airport limited express Haruka: Maibara, Kyoto - Kansai Airport
- limited express Kuroshio: Kyoto, Shin-Osaka - Shirahama, Shingu
- limited express Kinosaki: Kyoto - Fukuchiyama, Toyooka, Kinosaki Onsen
- limited express Hashidate: Kyoto - Miyazu, Amanohashidate, Toyooka
- limited express Maizuru: Kyoto - Higashi-Maizuru
Adjacent stations
Kintetsu
Layout
The station has three levels. Four dead-end platforms serving four tracks are located on the second floor. The 1st floor is a shopping street and the 3rd is the platforms for the Shinkansen (JR Central).
Adjacent stations
Kyoto Municipal Subway
Layout
The station consists of one underground island platform serving two tracks.
Adjacent stations
Surroundings
- Shichij? Station (Keihan Main Line)
Karasuma Gate
- Kyoto Station Building
- JR Kyoto Isetan
- Kyoto Station Shopping street "The Cube"
- Hotel Granvia Kyoto
- Kyoto Gekijo
- Museum of Art "Eki" Kyoto
- Kyoto Station Underground Mall "Porta"
- Kyoto-Yodobashi
- Hotel New Hankyu Kyoto
- Kyoto Tower
- Higashi Hongan-ji
- Shimogyo-ku General Building
- Campus Plaza Kyoto
- Kyoto Central Post Office
- Omron
- Kyoto Bus Station
Nishinotoin Gate
- Bic Camera JR Kyoto Station (JR Kyoto Station NK Building)
Hachijo Gate
- Hotel Kintetsu Kyoto Station
- Kyoto Avanti
- Hotel Keihan Kyoto
- Sightseeing Bus Terminal
- Expressway Bus Terminal
- New Miyako Hotel
- To-ji
- ÆON Mall Kyoto
- PHP Institute
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